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\title{Schreibwerkstatt \\ \small in English\Large
\\ Writting a Thesis}

\date{\today}

\author{Christoph Leitner$^*$}
\maketitle

{\small{\begin{tabular}{c@{}p{11cm}}
$^*$& Department of Statistics and Mathematics, Vienna University of Economics 
and Business Administration, Augasse 2--6, A-1090 Vienna, Austria \\
\end{tabular}}}

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\begin{abstract}

This seminar, called the ``Schreibwerkstatt'' should give students a brief
introduction into useful application software programs for doing resarch, like
writing a diploma thesis, bachelor thesis or any other kind of resarch papers. 

Therefore we recommend the {\LaTeX} framework as a writing tool and R for 
statistical calculations and graphics. Important advantages of both programs are
the properties that both are open source programs and can easily interact with
each other through the Sweave framework.

For citation {\LaTeX} uses a special tool, called \textsc{Bib}{\TeX}, for
formatting lists of references.

  \paragraph{Keywords:} Research papers, {\LaTeX}, \textsc{Bib}{\TeX}, R, Sweave

\end{abstract}

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\tableofcontents

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\section{{\LaTeX}}

\subsection{Description}

{\LaTeX} (pronounced \textipa{/"le\;ItEk/} or \textipa{/"la:tEk/}) is a
document markup language and document preparation system for high-quality
typesetting. It is most often used for medium-to-large technical or scientific
documents but it can be used for almost any form of publishing.

{\LaTeX} is like HTML not a word processor! That means, that Instead, {\LaTeX}
encourages authors not to worry too much about the appearance of their documents
but to concentrate on getting the right content.

{\LaTeX} is based on Donald E. Knuth's TeX typesetting language
\citep{Knuth:1984}. {\LaTeX} was first developed by Leslie
Lamport, and is now being maintained and developed by the {\LaTeX}3 Project: 
\url{http://www.latex-project.org/latex3.html} 
\citep{Lamport:1994}. {\LaTeX} is available for free \citep[see][for further
explanation]{wiki:2008a}.

\subsection{First Steps}

All necessary software programs are freely available from the web for windows,
Linux and Mac users as well. For a smooth installation follow an
installation guide (e.g.,~\url{http://statmath.wu-wien.ac.at/courses/}).

For writing the {\LaTeX} code you can use a variety of editors. As a windows
user you can use for example {\TeX}nic Center.

\subsection{Simple text} \label{simple_text}

This is a simple text. It could be written in \textbf{bold}, \textit{italic} or
\texttt{many other styles}. 

\subsubsection{A Subsection}

This is a subsection of \ref{simple_text}.

\subsubsection{Another Subsection}

This is another subsection of \ref{simple_text}.

\subsection{Citations}

For citations we recommend to use the Harvard citation style. Harvard 
referencing, also known as the author-date system, or parenthetical system, 
is a citation system developed by Harvard University and used by many 
publishers internationally \citep[see][for further information]{wiki:2008b}. 

According to \cite{Chernin:1988} the author-date citation was first used in 
1881 by Edward Laurens Mark who wrote a paper on the embryogenesis of the garden
slug, in which he included an in parentheses on page 194, the first known
instance of such a reference \citep{Mark:1881}.

The document preparation system {\LaTeX} uses a special tool, called
\textsc{Bib}{\TeX} for formatting lists of references. 
 
\subsection{Equations}

A big advantage of {\LaTeX} is the simple way of including mathematical
formulas.
They could be included into the text, like $c^{2}=a^{2}+b^{2}$ or as a numbered 
equation:

\begin{equation}
	K(t) = e^{cT}K(0) + \int^{T}_{0}e^{T-t}a(t)\ dt
	\label{eq:final}
\end{equation}

The equations could be referenced in the text, e.g., with
Equation~\ref{eq:final} the final value of a continuous compounding cash flow
could be computed.

The formulas can also be contain Greek symbols, like Equation~\ref{eq:cobb}
which shows the Cobb-Douglas production function. 

\begin{equation}
	Y = AL^{\alpha}K^{\beta}
	\label{eq:cobb}
\end{equation}

\subsection{Tables and Figures}

Table \ref{table} shows a first simple table. 
%%%
\begin{table}[ht!]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{l|r|r} 
\textbf{Student} & \textbf{Age} & \textbf{Weight} \\ \hline
Mayer & 25 & 75 \\ \hline
M\"uller & 23 & 80\\ 
\end{tabular}
\caption[Example table.]{A table.}
\label{table}
\end{center}
\end{table}

Figure \ref{hist} shows the Daily Closing Prices of Major European Stock
Indices (1991-1998).
%% zeitreihe
\begin{figure}[ht!]
\begin{center}
\setkeys{Gin}{width = 0.8 \textwidth}
\includegraphics{plot-001}
\caption[Daily Closing Prices of Major European Stock Indices.]{Daily Closing
Prices of four Major European Stock Indices (DAX, SMI, CAC, FTSE) from 1991
to 1998.}
\label{hist}
\end{center}
\end{figure}


\subsection{Links}

\begin{itemize}
	\item 
\url{http://wwwai.wu-wien.ac.at/manuals/hahsler/Latex_Kurzbeschreibung/lkurz/}
	\item \href{http://www.grundstudium.info/latex/}{Short {\LaTeX}
Introduction}
	\item
\href{http://www.physik.uni-freiburg.de/~tooleh/latex_beamerkurs.pdf}{{\LaTeX}
Introduction -- Slides}
\end{itemize}

\section{R}

R is a freely available language and environment for statistical computing and 
graphics which provides a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques:
linear and nonlinear modelling, statistical tests, time series analysis,
classification, clustering, etc \citep{R:2007}.

\subsection{Sweave}

Sweave provides a flexible framework for mixing text and R code for automatic
document generation \citep{Leisch:2002}.

\subsection{Additional Information}

\begin{enumerate}
	\item \url{http://CRAN.R-project.org/}
	\item \url{http://www.R-project.org/}
	\item
\href{http://www.ci.tuwien.ac.at/~leisch/Sweave/FAQ.html}{Sweave Manual}
\end{enumerate}

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